CANARINA:
DISPER:
Commands Algorithms I Algorithms II Algorithms III Algorithms IV Algorithms V Emissions
Atmospheric pollutants I
Waste matter is released into the atmosphere from a variety of pollutant sources. Atmospheric pollutants area serious threat to health. The pollutants present in the atmosphere are: particulate solids, droplets of liquids and gases. It is convenient to classify pollutants as primary pollutants which are emitted directly into atmosphere and secondary pollutants which are formed in the atmosphere from primary pollutants.
Parcicules, alternately referred to as Particulate Matter (PM). Aerosols or fine particles are tiny particles of solid or liquid suspended in the air. They range in size from 10 nm (nanometer) to 100 um (micrometer) in diameter. The composition of fine particles depends on the source. The deposition site is a function of particle size. Larger particles are generally filtered by the nose and do not cause problems, but particulate matter smaller than about 10 micrometres (PM10) can settle in the lungs and cause health problems. Particles emitted from modern vehicle engines are typically in the size range of 100 nanometres.
Lead
Lead enters the air from lead tetraethyl which is added to petrol as an antiknock. Lead from atmosphere pollutes the land. Vehicles exhausts are the chief source of lead pollution.
Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide, which is primarily emitted from combustion process, particularly from vehicle exhausts; the highest concentrations are generally found at roadside locations. Inhalation of high levels of carbon monoxide can cause headaches and respiratory problems. Carbon monoxide has many common sources. The exhaust of the internal combustion engine, when burning a carbon-based fuel contains carbon monoxide. In the home, carbon monoxide (CO) gas forms when fuels like natural gas or wood do not burn completely in appliances such as air heaters, ranges and ovens.
Sulphur dioxide
Sulfur oxides, which causes acid rain is caused from the burning of fuel containing sulfur, mostly at power plants. Sulphur dioxide reacts with air doplets to form acid rain.
Pollution map (XZ-Plane) produced by continuous discharge in this region.
The fucshia lines represents two different stacks (position of two different point sources) in a XZ-Plane. The red colour represents high pollutant concentrations. The green colour represents the ground and the surface topography.
Canarina Algoritmos Numéricos, S.L.
Environmental software · environmental software solutions
Canary Islands, Spain
e-mail: Contact us
European Union · network on Pollution
Member of MAPO: European network on Marine Pollution.
Project funded by the European Commission
through the 6th Framework Programme for Research and Development
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DISPER software solutions: This application has been used in great number of environmental reports and air pollution courses. We currently have users in more than 10 countries. Air quality reports in Bolivia and UK:
Santa Cruz de la Sierra: NOx air pollutants modeling near hospitals - SO2 air quality simulation - NH3 air quality calculation in plants -
La Paz: HNO3 air quality calculation in plants - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads - SO2 air quality simulation -
El Alto: NH3 air quality simulation - VOC air quality calculation - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads -
Cochabamba: NOx air pollutants modeling near hospitals - SO2 air quality simulation - NH3 air quality calculation in plants
Sucre: SO2 air pollutants modeling in roads - VOC air quality calculation - CH4 air quality simulation
Oruro: NH3 air quality simulation - VOC air quality calculation - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads
Tarija: NOx air pollutants modeling near hospitals - SO2 air quality simulation - NH3 air quality calculation in plants -
Quillacollo: HNO3 air quality calculation in plants - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads - SO2 air quality simulation
Sacaba: NOx air pollutants modeling near hospitals - SO2 air quality simulation - NH3 air quality calculation in plants -
Potosí: NOx air pollutants modeling near hospitals - SO2 air quality simulation - NH3 air quality calculation in plants
Montero: SO2 air pollutants modeling in roads - VOC air quality calculation - CH4 air quality simulation
Trinidad: HNO3 air quality calculation in plants - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads - SO2 air quality simulation
Yacuíba: VOC air quality calculation in plants - CH4 air pollutants modeling - SO2 air quality simulation -
Riberalta: NH3 air quality simulation - VOC air quality calculation - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads
Tiquipaya: NOx air pollutants modeling near hospitals - SO2 air quality simulation - NH3 air quality calculation in plants
Guayaramerín: SO2 air pollutants modeling in roads - VOC air quality calculation - CH4 air quality simulation
Viacha: HNO3 air quality calculation in plants - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads - SO2 air quality simulation
Llallagua: VOC air quality calculation in plants - CH4 air pollutants modeling - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads
Villazón: VOC air quality calculation in plants - CH4 air pollutants modeling - SO2 air quality simulation -
Bermejo: NOx air pollutants modeling near hospitals - SO2 air quality simulation - NH3 air quality calculation in plants -
Cobija: SO2 air pollutants modeling in roads - VOC air quality calculation - CH4 air quality simulation
San Ignacio de Velasco: VOC air quality calculation in plants - CH4 air pollutants modeling - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads
Tupiza: NH3 air quality simulation - VOC air quality calculation - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads -
Cotoca: VOC air quality calculation in plants - CH4 air pollutants modeling - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads
San Borja: NOx air pollutants modeling near hospitals - SO2 air quality simulation - NH3 air quality calculation in plants -
Villamontes: HNO3 air quality calculation in plants - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads - SO2 air quality simulation -
Yapacaní: VOC air quality calculation in plants - CH4 air pollutants modeling - SO2 air quality simulation -
Vinto: SO2 air pollutants modeling in roads - VOC air quality calculation - CH4 air quality simulation
Punata: VOC air quality calculation in plants - CH4 air pollutants modeling - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads
El Torno: HNO3 air quality calculation in plants - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads - SO2 air quality simulation -
Huanuni: VOC air quality calculation in plants - CH4 air pollutants modeling - SO2 air quality simulation -
Mineros: VOC air quality calculation in plants - CH4 air pollutants modeling - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads -
Ascensión de Guarayos: SO2 air pollutants modeling in roads - VOC air quality calculation - CH4 air quality simulation -
Caranavi: NH3 air quality simulation - VOC air quality calculation - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads -
El Carmen: VOC air quality calculation in plants - CH4 air pollutants modeling - SO2 air quality simulation -
Santa Ana del Yacuma: HNO3 air quality calculation in plants - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads - SO2 air quality simulation
Achocalla: SO2 air pollutants modeling in roads - VOC air quality calculation - CH4 air quality simulation -
Puerto Suárez: HNO3 air quality calculation in plants - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads - SO2 air quality simulation -
Portachuelo: NOx air pollutants modeling near hospitals - SO2 air quality simulation - NH3 air quality calculation in plants -
Uyuni: VOC air quality calculation in plants - CH4 air pollutants modeling - SO2 air quality simulation -
Roboré: NH3 air quality simulation - VOC air quality calculation - NOx air pollutants modeling in roads -
Aberdeen - what is water pollution - atmospheric pollution - pollution articles -
Armagh - persistent organic pollutants - plastic pollution - indoor pollution -
Bangor - minnesota pollution control - air pollution facts - world pollution -
Bath - what causes air pollution - air pollution pictures - air pollution -
Belfast - cause air pollution - cause of air pollution - air pollution causes -
Birmingham - indoor air pollution - effects air pollution - types of air pollution -
Bradford - air pollution levels - air pollution standards - industrial air pollution -
Brighton & Hove - vehicle air pollution - air pollution control board - source of air pollution -
Bristol - air pollution control equipment - clean air - indoor air quality - control of air pollution -
Cambridge - causes of air pollution - air and water pollution - air pollution facts -
Cardiff - carbon dioxide - benzene - nox -
Carlisle - drinking water - photochemical - acid rain -
Chester - clean air act - air quality - carbon monoxide -
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